Werewolf syndrome – more than just a scary term
by Stefan Richter
Boppard. In recent months, the so-called “werewolf syndrome” in dogs has caused a lot of excitement. But what does this term mean? This refers to severe neurological disorders that can occur in dogs after they have eaten certain chewing bones, especially those made from cowhide. Affected dogs often show uncontrollable movements, twitches and behavioral changes – symptoms that are reminiscent of a transformation into a 'werewolf' and give the phenomenon its macabre name.
The exact number of dogs suffering from the so-called “werewolf syndrome” is difficult to quantify. There are reports of numerous cases in various European countries, including Germany. The exact cause of the occurrence of these neurological disorders has not yet been fully clarified. However, scientists suspect that certain toxins or contaminants in the chewing bones play a role. These substances could damage the dogs' nervous system and lead to the observed symptoms.
Initial studies indicate that the affected chewing bones are products that may not meet applicable quality standards. Contamination caused by bacteria, fungi or pollutants such as:
- Chemical preservatives
- Pesticides
- Heavy metals such as lead, arsenic and mercury
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
- Plasticizers such as phthalates, nonylphenol and bisphenol A
could be a possible explanation.
What is “Werewolf Syndrome”?
“Werewolf syndrome” is a term for a range of neurological symptoms in dogs. The most common symptoms are:
- sudden and extreme changes in behavior
- severe panic attacks and anxiety
- loud, persistent howling or barking
- uncoordinated movements
- extreme excitement and restlessness
- Attempts to escape, sometimes through windows or doors
- Hallucinations or hallucination-like states
- In later stages also epileptic seizures.
These symptoms usually appear suddenly and can last for several days to weeks. Affected dogs were usually healthy and inconspicuous beforehand. The severity and sequence of symptoms can vary depending on the dog. However, it should be noted that not every dog with behavioral problems suffers from “werewolf syndrome”. To determine this, a veterinary examination is essential.
The disease itself is usually not fatal for the dog, and the symptoms usually subside on their own after a while. In severe cases, dogs are treated by the vet with sedatives and anti-anxiety medications.
Scientific investigations
In order to better understand the connections between the consumption of chewing bones and the occurrence of neurological disorders, scientific studies on the “werewolf syndrome” are ongoing. Researcher at the Hanover University of Veterinary Medicine (TiHo) carry out investigations to identify the exact causes. Laboratory analyzes should clarify which toxins are involved and how they get into the chewing bones. To this end, TiHo has also launched a survey on acute episodic behavioral problems and seizures in dogs, in which owners of both affected and unaffected dogs can take part.
What does this mean for dog owners?
While chews generally offer many advantages for dogs, for example when it comes to dental care and occupation, this development shows that caution is required when selecting chews, especially chews made from cowhide. Not all products are equal. It is advisable to use high-quality products from reputable manufacturers and to check the ingredients carefully.
- Origin of the products: Where are the chewing bones made and under what conditions?
- Ingredients: What components are included? Is there any evidence of possible contamination?
- Certifications: Are the products tested and certified?
- Reaction: After eating chewing bones, closely monitor your dog for any changes in behavior.
Good snack alternatives
For safety and the benefit of dog health, dog owners should use natural, air-dried products without artificial additives:
- Fish skin chews
- Poultry snacks
- Horsemeat chew sticks
- Vegan pig ears
- Chewing roots and chewing sticks
- Vegetable snacks like carrot pieces and vegetable bones
- Fruit snacks such as apple and banana pieces
- Peanut butter chews
- Rice bones.